‡ Quantities are number of samples (not number of well plates) up to 96 samples are contained on the same well plate Actual quantities may differ from these projections † Quantities represented in this table are annual quantities expected from sampling conducted throughout the observatory during full Operations. See table below for information about the archive locations of early (2013-2017) material. * Select specimens collected from 2013-2017 and most specimens collected after 2018 are archived at the NEON Biorepository at Arizona State University. Invertebrate Bycatch Collection (Archive Pooling) (NEON-IVBC-AP) Herptile Voucher Collection (Ground Beetle Sampling Bycatch Archive Pooling) (NEON-HEVC-GBAP) Mammal Collection (Vouchers ) (NEON-MAMC-VGBA) Types of Samples*Ĭarabid Collection (Archive Pooling) (NEON-CARC-AP)Ĭarabid Collection (Pinned Vouchers) (NEON-CARC-PV)Ĭarabid Collection (DNA Extracts) (NEON-CARC-DNA) Most of these specimens are archived at the NEON Biorepository. Although the target of NEON pitfall trapping are individuals from the family Carabidae, both carabids and all bycatch from pitfall collections (mammals, herptiles, or non-carabid invertebrates) are archived. Pitfall trapping yields a number of sample types, which are archived in a few different locations. Some pinned specimens will be DNA barcoded and sequence data for these specimens is available on the Barcode of Life Data Systems within the ‘BETN’ project code.Īrchive of tagged and identified beetles from NEON pitfall traps. Expert identifications on these individuals may be used to estimate uncertainty in parataxonomist identification by NEON technicians. A subset of pinned ground beetles (up to 467 per site per year) are sent to an expert taxonomist for secondary identification. Regardless of storage method, all collections data are reported at a per trap resolution. A subset of collected Carabidae are vouchered on points or pins, while remaining specimens (non-pinned/non-pointed carabids, invertebrate bycatch, and vertebrate bycatch) are stored in 95% ethanol for archiving and may be pooled into a single archive vial per plot. Processing and Lab Analysisįollowing trap collection, all beetles from the family Carabidae are sorted by NEON technicians and identified to species or morphospecies. Traps are in place continuously during the entire growing season and sampled (emptied and re-set) every two weeks. As an additional protective measure, every pitfall trap is covered with a 20x20 cm plastic cover installed 1.5 cm above the trap entrance the cover excludes all but the smallest vertebrates, so that samples target ground beetles and the invertebrate community.Īt each terrestrial site, pitfall traps are deployed at each of ten distributed plots. Because propylene glycol is not an attractant, the number of ground beetles or other arthropods that fall into the trap represent a snapshot of the invertebrate community. Insects and other arthropods fall into the cup, suspended in the preservative until they are collected. NEON pitfall traps are filled with a diluted solution of propylene glycol, a colorless and unscented preservative. Pitfall traps are a passive collection technique where a small cup (approximately 11 cm in diameter and 7 cm deep) is sunk into the ground with its rim flush with the soil surface. Pitfall trap used for beetle data collection Pitfall Traps Therefore, the distribution of beetle species across the gradient may reflect changing resources availability due to climate shifts. Lower latitudes are resource-rich year-round and support larger populations than the colder poles ultimately, the abundance of resources and intense competitive pressure causes speciation and leads to greater diversity in the tropics. In addition to being widespread and relatively unambiguous to identify, ground beetles are also useful for assessing changes in major biological phenomena such as the species-latitudinal gradient, a trend where the number of species found increases as you move from higher latitudes (near the poles) towards lower latitudes (near the equator). Prior studies have found that these beetles are an excellent indicator species of arthropod biodiversity and environmental change, as well as past land use and land management. Ground beetles are an important family of invertebrates known to strongly influence food web structure, often as key predators or prey species.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |